Temporal Coarse-Graining of Latent Default-Probability Paths Generates Effective Default Correlation
Long-term default counts often exhibit overdispersion, autocorrelation, and scale-dependent default correlation, which are frequently misattributed to contagion or asset dependence. This work proposes a temporal coarse-graining approach within an Ornstein–Uhlenbeck-driven latent intensity and binomial observation framework (OU–binomial), wherein aggregating default probability paths yields a scale-consistent effective mixture distribution that naturally accounts for these statistical features. This mechanism serves as a benchmark that mitigates overattribution to effects such as Davis–Lo contagion or Vasicek common factors, thereby enhancing model identifiability and predictive consistency. Under controlled residual covariance contributions, the method significantly outperforms direct scale-wise fitting, achieving markedly higher block-wise expected log predictive density.