CrowdProve: Community Proving for ZK Rollups
To address the scalability limitations, weakened decentralization, and high verification costs caused by centralized provers in ZK Rollups, this paper proposes the first community-driven, decentralized proof generation paradigm tailored for ZK Rollups. Our approach operates over a heterogeneous, unreliable hardware network and integrates dynamic task sharding, lightweight proof sharding, redundant submission, and multi-replica consistency verification. We further design an incentive-compatible contributor collaboration protocol and hardware-adaptive adaptation techniques. Experimental evaluation in realistic ZK Rollup settings demonstrates that our system achieves proof latency and throughput comparable to—and often exceeding—state-of-the-art centralized provers, while requiring only mid-to-low-end device clusters to deliver equivalent performance. This significantly reduces operational costs without compromising security or decentralization guarantees.