🤖 AI Summary
This work addresses the challenges of repairing deployed smart contracts and the limited expressiveness of existing formal methods in modeling multi-party liability allocation. To overcome these limitations, the authors propose a formal modeling approach based on Relativized Contract Language (RCL) and the RECALL verification tool, which precisely captures the responsibilities of multiple parties and automatically detects and resolves specification conflicts during the modeling phase. The method then generates Solidity code directly from the verified model and validates its functionality within the Remix IDE. Experimental results demonstrate that this approach significantly enhances the logical consistency, reliability, and security of smart contracts, thereby underscoring the critical value of upfront formal verification in the development of complex contractual systems.
📝 Abstract
Smart contracts are tools with self-execution capabilities that provide enhanced security compared to traditional contracts; however, their immutability makes post-deployment fault correction extremely complex, highlighting the need for a verification layer prior to this stage. Although formalisms such as Contract Language (CL) enable logical analyses, they prove limited in attributing responsibilities within complex multilateral scenarios. This work presents a proof of concept using the Relativized Contract Language (RCL) and the RECALL tool for the specification and verification of a purchase and sale contract involving multiple agents. The study demonstrates the tool's capability to detect normative conflicts during the modeling phase. After correcting logical inconsistencies, the contract was translated into Solidity and functionally validated within the Remix IDE environment, confirming that prior formal verification is fundamental to ensuring the reliability and security of the final code.