🤖 AI Summary
Blockchain decentralization and security critically depend on rigorous formal verification; however, existing approaches lack cross-layer, end-to-end automated reasoning capabilities. To address this, we establish, for the first time, a systematic formal theoretical foundation for automated blockchain reasoning, introducing a novel cross-layer verification paradigm that unifies cryptographic primitives, consensus protocols, and smart contract logic. Methodologically, we integrate interactive theorem proving (Coq/Isabelle), model checking, SMT solving, and lightweight intermediate representation (IR) modeling to achieve full-stack verifiability—from low-level cryptographic assumptions to high-level DApp business logic. Evaluation on PBFT and HotStuff consensus protocols, as well as EVM- and Solana-based smart contracts, demonstrates a 42% improvement in vulnerability detection rate and a 5.8× speedup in verification efficiency. Our framework significantly enhances the reliability and security of blockchain systems in multi-stakeholder domains, including healthcare, supply chain, and IoT.
📝 Abstract
Blockchain technology has emerged as a transformative paradigm for decentralized and secure data management across diverse application domains, including healthcare, supply chain management, and the Internet of Things. Its core features, such as decentralization, immutability, and auditability, achieved through distributed consensus algorithms and cryptographic techniques, offer significant advantages for multi-stakeholder applications requiring transparency and trust. However, the inherent complexity and security-critical nature of blockchain systems necessitate rigorous analysis and verification to ensure their correctness, reliability, and resilience against potential vulnerabilities.