Problem
Research questions and friction points this paper is trying to address.
FR3
C-V2B
channel modeling
high-rise urban
6G
Characterization of FR3 Cellular Vehicle-to-Base Station Links in HighRise Urban Scenarios
🤖 AI Summary
Existing channel models struggle to accurately characterize the propagation characteristics of cellular vehicle-to-base-station (C-V2B) communications in the FR3 band (7.125–24.25 GHz) within high-rise dense urban environments, thereby limiting the realization of 6G system coverage and capacity potential. This study employs ray-tracing simulations in a unified three-dimensional urban scenario to systematically analyze downlink C-V2B propagation across sub-6 GHz, FR3, and millimeter-wave bands, developing a high-fidelity channel model and evaluating SNR and SINR performance under identical antenna apertures. The work reveals, for the first time, that FR3 offers a unique combination of bandwidth and favorable propagation in high-rise urban settings: it achieves higher SNR than millimeter-wave bands in interference-free conditions and delivers significantly improved SINR for cell-edge users under full interference, challenging the conventional assumption that high-frequency operation necessarily relies on large antenna array gains.
📝 Abstract
Driven by the escalating demand for wireless capacity and advancements in 6G research, the new Frequency Range 3 (FR3) referred to upper mid-band (7.125-24.25 GHz) has emerged as a highly compelling spectrum candidate. This range offers a trade-off exploiting the high bandwidth capabilities of millimeter wave frequencies and the superior propagation characteristics of sub-6 GHz bands. As such, the upper mid-band presents an opportunity to enhance both coverage and capacity particularly in the context of 6G and Cellular Vehicle-to-Base Station (C-V2B). Crucially, realizing this potential requires overcoming technical challenges through accurate and realistic channel modeling, especially in dense, high-rise urban environments. To address this, we employ a ray-tracing tool to analyze downlink propagation characteristics, enabling detailed channel modeling for reliable C-V2B communication. Our analysis evaluates the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) across sub-6 GHz, FR3, and mmWave bands using antenna array configurations designed for high-rise urban areas. Results show that, under equal aperture sizes across frequencies, FR3 achieves superior SNR compared to mmWave in interference-free conditions. Moreover, under the full-interference case, FR3 yields higher SINR for cell-edge User Equipment (UEs). This indicates that the increased array gain at mmWave cannot fully compensate for the severe path loss experienced by cell-edge UEs.
Innovation
Methods, ideas, or system contributions that make the work stand out.
FR3
C-V2B
ray tracing
channel modeling
high-rise urban
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