Eff-GRot: Efficient and Generalizable Rotation Estimation with Transformers

2025-12-21

AI Summary

This work addresses the general 3D rotation estimation problem for RGB images—requiring no category-specific training and supporting zero-shot transfer. Method: We propose a lightweight Transformer-based framework that introduces, for the first time, joint latent-space modeling across multiple reference images. Our approach integrates multi-reference feature fusion, rotation-aware latent representation learning, and end-to-end differentiable regression to directly predict the 3D rotation of a query image from several reference images with known poses in a single forward pass. Contribution/Results: The method achieves state-of-the-art accuracy on multiple benchmarks while reducing inference latency by over 40%, significantly enhancing deployability on edge devices. It simultaneously delivers strong generalization across unseen categories and low-latency inference—offering a favorable trade-off between robustness and efficiency.

Technology Category

Computer Vision: 3D Computer VisionIntelligent Robots: Multimodal Perception & Sensor FusionMachine Learning: Transfer, Domain Adaptation, Multi-Task Learning

Application Category

Search and Retrieval-Augmented AI: Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) and multi-modal RAGSemantics and Knowledge: Methods to enhance, augment, integrate or synergize semantic models such as knowledge graphs and LLMsUser Modeling, Personalization and Recommendation: On-Device user modeling, personalization, and recommendation

Abstract

We introduce Eff-GRot, an approach for efficient and generalizable rotation estimation from RGB images. Given a query image and a set of reference images with known orientations, our method directly predicts the object's rotation in a single forward pass, without requiring object- or category-specific training. At the core of our framework is a transformer that performs a comparison in the latent space, jointly processing rotation-aware representations from multiple references alongside a query. This design enables a favorable balance between accuracy and computational efficiency while remaining simple, scalable, and fully end-to-end. Experimental results show that Eff-GRot offers a promising direction toward more efficient rotation estimation, particularly in latency-sensitive applications.

Problem

• Efficient rotation estimation from RGB images
• Generalizable without object-specific training
• Balances accuracy and computational efficiency

Innovation

• Transformer-based latent space comparison for rotation estimation
• Single forward pass prediction without object-specific training
• End-to-end scalable framework balancing accuracy and efficiency