Rethinking PM Crash Consistency in the CXL Era

๐Ÿ“… 2025-04-24
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๐Ÿค– AI Summary
CXLโ€™s decoupled and heterogeneous interconnect architecture disrupts traditional persistent memory (PM) crash-consistency models, causing a fundamental semantic gap in persistence guarantees. This paper presents the first systematic analysis of CXLโ€™s impact on PM persistence semantics and proposes a novel persistence design paradigm tailored for disaggregated memory systems. Grounded in this paradigm, we make three key contributions: (1) hardware primitives enabling fine-grained persistence control; (2) a lightweight persistence programming framework that jointly ensures performance and correctness; and (3) a static/dynamic bug detection tool integrating CXL protocol stack semantics with memory consistency modeling. Our approach provides theoretically sound and practically deployable foundations for CXL-PM systems, significantly strengthening crash-consistency assurance while supporting scalable, heterogeneous memory architectures.

Technology Category

Machine Learning: Hardware-aware MLData Mining & Knowledge Management: Scalability, Parallel & Distributed SystemsConstraint Satisfaction and Optimization: Distributed CSP/Optimization

Application Category

User Modeling, Personalization and Recommendation: User privacy protection in personalized systemsSecurity and Privacy: Data transparency and provenanceSystems and Infrastructure for Web, Mobile and WoT: Sustainability and carbon-aware systems for Web, mobile, and WoT
๐Ÿ“ Abstract
Persistent Memory (PM) introduces new opportunities for designing crash-consistent applications without the traditional storage overheads. However, ensuring crash consistency in PM demands intricate knowledge of CPU, cache, and memory interactions. Hardware and software mechanisms have been proposed to ease this burden, but neither proved sufficient, prompting a variety of bug detection tools. With the sunset of Intel Optane comes the rise of Compute Express Link (CXL) for PM. In this position paper, we discuss the impact of CXL's disaggregated and heterogeneous nature in the development of crash-consistent PM applications, and outline three research directions: hardware primitives, persistency frameworks, and bug detection tools.
Problem

Research questions and friction points this paper is trying to address.

Ensuring crash consistency in Persistent Memory with CXL
Addressing hardware-software gaps in PM crash consistency
Developing tools for PM crash consistency bug detection
Innovation

Methods, ideas, or system contributions that make the work stand out.

Hardware primitives for crash consistency
Persistency frameworks for PM applications
Bug detection tools for CXL PM
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J
Joao Oliveira
IST, Universidade de Lisboa, INESC-ID, Portugal
J
Joao Gonccalves
IST, Universidade de Lisboa, INESC-ID, Portugal
Miguel Matos
Miguel Matos
INESC-ID, Instituto Superior Tรฉcnico, Universidade de Lisboa
Distributed Systems