Technology Category
Multiagent Systems: Other Foundations of Multi Agent SystemsData Mining & Knowledge Management: Scalability, Parallel & Distributed SystemsConstraint Satisfaction and Optimization: Solvers and Tools
Enhancing Blockchain Cross Chain Interoperability: A Comprehensive Survey
🤖 AI Summary
Blockchain heterogeneity creates data and value silos, hindering the development of multi-chain ecosystems. This paper systematically surveys over 150 high-impact studies to construct, for the first time, a comprehensive interoperability landscape integrating both academic and industrial perspectives. We propose a unified technical taxonomy covering atomic swaps, sidechains, light clients, and other cross-chain paradigms. Through bibliometric analysis, formal technical modeling, and cross-paradigm comparison, we synthesize core enablers—including consensus mechanisms, cryptographic verification, relay chains, and hash-time-lock contracts—to clarify evolutionary trajectories and synergistic design principles. The resulting framework constitutes the most systematic cross-chain survey to date, explicitly identifying critical challenges (e.g., security composability, scalability–trust trade-offs) and future research directions. It delivers a practical, evidence-based technology selection guide and ecosystem co-development roadmap for researchers, policymakers, and industry practitioners.
Technology Category
Application Category
📝 Abstract
Blockchain technology, introduced in 2008, has revolutionized data storage and transfer across sectors such as finance, healthcare, intelligent transportation, and the metaverse. However, the proliferation of blockchain systems has led to discrepancies in architectures, consensus mechanisms, and data standards, creating data and value silos that hinder the development of an integrated multi chain ecosystem. Blockchain interoperability (a.k.a cross chain interoperability) has thus emerged as a solution to enable seamless data and asset exchange across disparate blockchains. In this survey, we systematically analyze over 150 high impact sources from academic journals, digital libraries, and grey literature to provide an in depth examination of blockchain interoperability. By exploring the existing methods, technologies, and architectures, we offer a classification of interoperability approaches including Atomic Swaps, Sidechains, Light Clients, and so on, which represent the most comprehensive overview to date. Furthermore, we investigate the convergence of academic research with industry practices, underscoring the importance of collaborative efforts in advancing blockchain innovation. Finally, we identify key strategic insights, challenges, and future research trajectories in this field. Our findings aim to support researchers, policymakers, and industry leaders in understanding and harnessing the transformative potential of blockchain interoperability to address current challenges and drive forward a cohesive multi-chain ecosystem.
Problem
Research questions and friction points this paper is trying to address.
Addressing discrepancies in blockchain architectures and standards
Enabling seamless data and asset exchange across blockchains
Providing comprehensive classification of interoperability methods
Innovation
Methods, ideas, or system contributions that make the work stand out.
Systematically analyze 150+ high impact sources
Classify interoperability approaches like Atomic Swaps
Investigate academic-industry convergence for blockchain innovation
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