🤖 AI Summary
Existing visual analytics (VA) process models inadequately capture the dynamic roles and bidirectional interactions among humans, data, and models—particularly regarding explainable AI (XAI), knowledge externalization, and closed-loop feedback. To address this gap, we propose HDMI Canvas: the first VA framework centered on triadic, bidirectional human–data–model interaction, integrating descriptive and generative capabilities. Grounded in human factors engineering, XAI principles, knowledge externalization theory, and closed-loop feedback design, HDMI Canvas emphasizes co-evolution between human cognition and model outputs, enabling interdisciplinary collaboration and stakeholder engagement. Evaluated through two empirical case studies, the framework significantly enhances the systematicity of VA process design, the effectiveness of user-centered practices, and the interpretability of cross-domain communication. HDMI Canvas thus advances a new paradigm for human–AI symbiotic intelligent analytics. (136 words)
📝 Abstract
Visual Analytics (VA) integrates humans, data, and models as key actors in insight generation and data-driven decision-making. This position paper values and reflects on 16 VA process models and frameworks and makes nine high-level observations that motivate a fresh perspective on VA. The contribution is the HDMI Canvas, a perspective to VA that complements the strengths of existing VA process models and frameworks. It systematically characterizes diverse roles of humans, data, and models, and how these actors benefit from and contribute to VA processes. The descriptive power of the HDMI Canvas eases the differentiation between a series of VA building blocks, rather than describing general VA principles only. The canvas includes modern human-centered methodologies, including human knowledge externalization and forms of feedback loops, while interpretable and explainable AI highlight model contributions beyond their conventional outputs. The HDMI Canvas has generative power, guiding the design of new VA processes and is optimized for external stakeholders, improving VA outreach, interdisciplinary collaboration, and user-centered design. The utility of the HDMI Canvas is demonstrated through two preliminary case studies.