K-TRAIL: Simulator-Guided Generative Design of EM/RF Circuits

2026-09-19

AI Summary

本文提出K-TRAIL框架，通过结合扩散布局生成和无导数集合卡尔曼指导，解决RF/EM电路逆向设计中的非唯一性和计算成本高问题。

Abstract

Inverse design of RF and electromagnetic (EM) circuits is challenging because the relationship between circuit layout and electrical response is non-unique, and full-wave simulation is computationally expensive. This paper presents K-TRAIL, a simulator-guided generative framework for automated EM/RF circuit synthesis. K-TRAIL combines diffusion-based layout generation with derivative-free ensemble Kalman guidance, allowing feedback from a black-box EM simulator to refine candidate layouts during generation without requiring adjoint sensitivities or differentiable solver models. The framework supports both synthesis from prescribed S-parameter responses and synthesis directly from RF performance constraints. Experiments on multi-layer RFIC structures show that simulator-guided generation improves agreement with target responses and can identify structurally distinct layouts that satisfy circuit-level design requirements. The proposed approach provides a practical path toward generative, verification-aware RF circuit design while retaining the flexibility to explore diverse layout topologies.

Problem

• RF circuits
• electromagnetic circuits
• inverse design
• full-wave simulation
• circuit layout

Innovation

• simulator-guided generative framework
• diffusion-based layout generation
• derivative-free ensemble Kalman guidance
• black-box EM simulator
• verification-aware RF circuit design