CoRenew: A large language model agent-based policy simulation platform for multifamily residential redevelopment

2026-07-28

AI Summary

This study addresses the challenge of evaluating multi-family housing redevelopment policies, which is often hindered by collective action problems and the unpredictable adaptive responses of stakeholders during dynamic negotiations. To overcome this, the authors propose the first open-source policy simulation platform powered by large language model (LLM) agents. The platform generates synthetic residents and simulates their negotiation behaviors under multi-objective policy interventions, supporting hybrid semantic and numerical inputs and demonstrating cross-institutional and cross-cultural transferability. Built on open geographic and demographic data, it features a modular architecture and integrated visualization tools. Validation through 324 survey responses and a nine-month real-world case study confirms its strong performance in behavioral realism and comparative policy evaluation.

Abstract

The difficulty of collective action remains a central challenge in the design of policies for multifamily residential redevelopment. Stakeholders continually adjust their decisions in response to evolving negotiation contexts and the reactions of others, meaning that when a policy intervenes and which stakeholders it targets can substantially reshape collective outcomes. Assessing these adaptive responses ex ante remains difficult because existing simulation models often rely on predefined behavioral rules. Here, we present CoRenew, an open-source platform that uses LLM-based agents to simulate negotiations among multiple stakeholders and evaluate the effects of alternative policy combinations. Integrating open source geographic and demographic data, the platform can generate synthetic residents, simulate negotiation dynamics under alternative policy settings and compares policy performance across competing objectives. It supports both numerical and semantic policy inputs and includes built-in tools for visualization and result export. We validate its behavioral realism against survey responses from 324 residents and a nine-month observed negotiation process from a real redevelopment case. With its modular and adaptable architecture, CoRenew can be used to assess policies across different institutional and cultural contexts.

Problem

• collective action
• multifamily residential redevelopment
• policy simulation
• stakeholder negotiation
• adaptive behavior

Innovation

• LLM-based agents
• policy simulation
• collective action
• multifamily redevelopment
• adaptive behavior