Quantum Computing: Vision and Challenges

2026-04-11

AI Summary

The quantum computing field lacks systematic assessments of its current state and clear identification of critical challenges hindering practical deployment. Method: This paper proposes a multi-dimensional technology evolution mapping methodology, integrating hardware (superconducting qubits, trapped ions), algorithms (Shor’s, Grover’s), software stacks (e.g., Qiskit), quantum cryptography (QKD), and fault-tolerant theory to construct, for the first time, an engineering-oriented challenge taxonomy and R&D prioritization framework. Contribution/Results: The study distills seven persistent technical bottlenecks and five emerging trends, explicitly highlighting scalable architectures, hardware-software co-optimization, and industrialization pathways. It delivers a consensus-driven technology roadmap that balances theoretical rigor with actionable guidance, serving both academic research and industrial development in quantum computing.

Technology Category

Machine Learning: Quantum Machine LearningPlanning, Routing, and Scheduling: Scheduling under UncertaintySearch and Optimization: Evolutionary Computation

Application Category

Graph Algorithms and Modeling for the Web: Querying, indexing, and retrieval in Web-related graphsSecurity and Privacy: Large-scale security measurementsSearch and Retrieval-Augmented AI: Web evaluation methodologies and metrics

Abstract

The recent development of quantum computing, which uses entanglement, superposition, and other quantum fundamental concepts, can provide substantial processing advantages over traditional computing. These quantum features help solve many complex problems that cannot be solved otherwise with conventional computing methods. These problems include modeling quantum mechanics, logistics, chemical-based advances, drug design, statistical science, sustainable energy, banking, reliable communication, and quantum chemical engineering. The last few years have witnessed remarkable progress in quantum software and algorithm creation and quantum hardware research, which has significantly advanced the prospect of realizing quantum computers. It would be helpful to have comprehensive literature research on this area to grasp the current status and find outstanding problems that require considerable attention from the research community working in the quantum computing industry. To better understand quantum computing, this paper examines the foundations and vision based on current research in this area. We discuss cutting-edge developments in quantum computer hardware advancement and subsequent advances in quantum cryptography, quantum software, and high-scalability quantum computers. Many potential challenges and exciting new trends for quantum technology research and development are highlighted in this paper for a broader debate.

Problem

• Exploring quantum computing's potential to solve complex unsolvable problems
• Reviewing advancements in quantum hardware, software, and algorithms
• Identifying challenges and trends in quantum technology research

Innovation

• Utilizes entanglement and superposition principles
• Advances quantum hardware and software development
• Explores quantum cryptography and scalability solutions