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ISI-Aware Code Design: A Linear Approach Towards Reliable Molecular Communication
🤖 AI Summary
Inter-symbol interference (ISI) severely degrades reliability in molecular communication systems. To address this, we propose three novel linear channel coding schemes—Zero-Prefix Zero-Suffix (ZPZS), Zero-Prefix (ZP), and Low-Density Zero-Prefix (LOZP)—which actively suppress ISI by strategically controlling the positions and average density of “1”-bits within codewords. We introduce the Majority Location Rule (MLR) for low-complexity decoding and derive, for the first time, a closed-form expression for ISI, quantitatively characterizing the intrinsic relationship between bit density and ISI. Furthermore, we identify that initial bit placement critically impacts performance under the refresh mechanism. Simulation results under both non-refresh and refresh channel models demonstrate that LOZP achieves the lowest bit error rate (BER) in refresh channels, while ZP—featuring lower “1”-bit density—outperforms others in non-refresh scenarios. Both codes effectively balance code rate and ISI suppression.
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Application Category
📝 Abstract
Intersymbol Interference (ISI) is a major bottleneck in Molecular Communication via Diffusion (MCvD), degrading system performance. This paper introduces two families of linear channel codes to mitigate ISI: Zero Pad Zero Start (ZPZS) and Zero Pad (ZP) codes, ensuring that each codeword avoids consecutive bit-1s. The ZPZS and ZP codes are then combined to form a binary ZP code, offering a higher code rate than linear ZP codes and allowing simple decoding via the Majority Location Rule (MLR). Additionally, a Leading One Zero Pad (LOZP) code is proposed, which relaxes zero-padding constraints by prioritizing the placement of bit-1s, achieving a higher rate than ZP. A closed-form expression is derived to compute expected ISI, showing it depends on the average bit-1 density in the codewords. ISI and Bit Error Rate (BER) performance are evaluated under two MCvD channel models: (i) without refresh, where past bits persist longer, and (ii) with refresh, where the channel is cleared after each reception. Results show that the LOZP code performs better in the refresh channel due to initial bit-1 placement, while ZP excels without refresh by reducing average bit-1 density. The asymptotic upper bound on code rate illustrates a trade-off between ISI and rate. Simulations demonstrate that ZP and LOZP codes improve BER by controlling bit-1 positions and density, providing better reliability in ISI-dominated regimes compared to conventional error-correcting codes.
Problem
Research questions and friction points this paper is trying to address.
Mitigating Intersymbol Interference in molecular communication
Designing linear channel codes for reliable data transmission
Balancing code rate and ISI reduction in MCvD systems
Innovation
Methods, ideas, or system contributions that make the work stand out.
Linear ZPZS and ZP codes mitigate ISI
LOZP code relaxes zero-padding constraints
Majority Location Rule enables simple decoding
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