Urban transport systems shape experiences of social segregation

2025-05-22

AI Summary

This study investigates how urban transportation systems shape social segregation through everyday mobility practices. Method: Leveraging large-scale GPS trajectory data, we propose “expected encounters in daily mobility” as a novel, dynamic conceptualization of social segregation and develop a probabilistic mobility model to quantify the likelihood of social interaction across multiple spatial scales—transit lines (rail/bus), road segments, and neighborhoods. Integrating spatiotemporal interaction network analysis with policy simulation, we assess how infrastructure and service design mediate segregation. Contribution/Results: We identify transportation infrastructure as a critical mediator of social segregation: peak-hour commuting and underserved areas significantly intensify segregation, while sustainability-oriented policies—when neglecting spatial equity—may inadvertently reinforce latent segregation. The study provides empirical grounding and a quantifiable, multi-scale analytical framework to advance inclusive, equity-aware transportation planning.

Technology Category

• Planning, Routing, and Scheduling: Optimization of Spatio-temporal Systems
• Application Domains: Transportation
• Cognitive Modeling & Cognitive Systems: Social Cognition And Interaction

Application Category

• Social Networks and Social Media: Social media analysis through the lenses of networks
• Security and Privacy: Large-scale security measurements
• User Modeling, Personalization and Recommendation: Practical large-scale studies of user experience

Abstract

Mobility is a fundamental feature of human life, and through it our interactions with the world and people around us generate complex and consequential social phenomena. Social segregation, one such process, is increasingly acknowledged as a product of one's entire lived experience rather than mere residential location. Increasingly granular sources of data on human mobility have evidenced how segregation persists outside the home, in workplaces, cafes, and on the street. Yet there remains only a weak evidential link between the production of social segregation and urban policy. This study addresses this gap through an assessment of the role of the urban transportation systems in shaping social segregation. Using city-scale GPS mobility data and a novel probabilistic mobility framework, we establish social interactions at the scale of transportation infrastructure, by rail and bus service segment, individual roads, and city blocks. The outcomes show how social segregation is more than a single process in space, but varying by time of day, urban design and structure, and service design. These findings reconceptualize segregation as a product of likely encounters during one's daily mobility practice. We then extend these findings through exploratory simulations, highlighting how transportation policy to promote sustainable transport may have potentially unforeseen impacts on segregation. The study underscores that to understand social segregation and achieve positive social change urban policymakers must consider the broadest impacts of their interventions and seek to understand their impact on the daily lived experience of their citizens.

Problem

• Urban transport systems influence social segregation dynamics
• Lack of evidence linking urban policy to segregation effects
• Transport policies may unintentionally impact social encounter patterns

Innovation

• Utilizes city-scale GPS mobility data
• Applies novel probabilistic mobility framework
• Simulates transportation policy impacts on segregation