Data Cartography for Detecting Memorization Hotspots and Guiding Data Interventions in Generative Models

📅 2025-08-27
📈 Citations: 0
Influential: 0
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🤖 AI Summary
Generative models are prone to overfitting and memorizing rare training samples, leading to privacy leakage and inflated benchmark performance. Method: We propose a data-centric memorization analysis framework that—novelty—integrates sample difficulty (early-training loss) and forgetting event frequency to define a memorization score, enabling a four-quadrant classification scheme to identify memorization hotspots; we theoretically prove that the memorization score’s lower bound and uniform stability jointly bound the generalization gap, and accordingly design dynamic data reweighting and pruning strategies. Contribution/Results: Removing only 10% of training data reduces synthetic watermark extraction success rate by over 40% while increasing perplexity by less than 0.5, substantially mitigating information leakage with negligible degradation in generation quality. Our core innovation lies in an interpretable, theoretically grounded, data-level intervention paradigm.

Technology Category

Machine Learning: PrivacyNatural Language Processing: GenerationComputer Vision: Diffusion Models for Vision

Application Category

User Modeling, Personalization and Recommendation: Fairness-aware retrieval and rankingSecurity and Privacy: Data transparency and provenanceWeb Mining and Content Analysis: Large pretrained models with web data
📝 Abstract
Modern generative models risk overfitting and unintentionally memorizing rare training examples, which can be extracted by adversaries or inflate benchmark performance. We propose Generative Data Cartography (GenDataCarto), a data-centric framework that assigns each pretraining sample a difficulty score (early-epoch loss) and a memorization score (frequency of ``forget events''), then partitions examples into four quadrants to guide targeted pruning and up-/down-weighting. We prove that our memorization score lower-bounds classical influence under smoothness assumptions and that down-weighting high-memorization hotspots provably decreases the generalization gap via uniform stability bounds. Empirically, GenDataCarto reduces synthetic canary extraction success by over 40% at just 10% data pruning, while increasing validation perplexity by less than 0.5%. These results demonstrate that principled data interventions can dramatically mitigate leakage with minimal cost to generative performance.
Problem

Research questions and friction points this paper is trying to address.

Detecting memorization hotspots in generative models
Guiding targeted data pruning and weighting interventions
Reducing synthetic canary extraction while maintaining performance
Innovation

Methods, ideas, or system contributions that make the work stand out.

Assigns difficulty and memorization scores to samples
Partitions examples into four quadrants for interventions
Reduces canary extraction via targeted data pruning
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