High-gain MIMO Beamforming Antenna System for DSRC and mmwave 5G Integration in Autonomous Vehicles

2025-06-02

AI Summary

This work addresses the challenge of integrating dual-band, high-isolation beamforming antennas for autonomous vehicles. We propose a compact dual-frequency MIMO beamforming antenna system that, for the first time, efficiently co-integrates the 5.9 GHz DSRC and 28 GHz mmWave 5G bands within a single-aperture architecture. The design employs a multilayer stacked substrate, parasitic coupling suppression structures, a reconfigurable feeding network, and a phase-gradient metasurface enabling broadband beam scanning. These elements jointly achieve wide-angle (±45°) dynamic beam steering and high inter-port isolation. The approach supports joint multi-band beam optimization and environment-adaptive radiation pattern shaping. Experimental results validate a dual-band return loss < −15 dB, peak gains of 14.2 dBi at 5.9 GHz and 22.8 dBi at 28 GHz, and port-to-port isolation > 28 dB. This work overcomes key technical bottlenecks in vehicular dual-band co-aperture integration and high-isolation collaborative beam control.

Technology Category

• Application Domains: Mobility, Driving & Flight
• Intelligent Robots: Multi-Robot Systems
• Planning, Routing, and Scheduling: Optimization of Spatio-temporal Systems

Application Category

• Systems and Infrastructure for Web, Mobile and WoT: Novel mobile and WoT systems, and system-of-systems
• Responsible Web: Machine-in-the-loop, human agency and autonomy
• Search and Retrieval-Augmented AI: Vertical and domain-specific search

Abstract

The evolution of autonomous vehicles necessitates robust, high-speed, and low-latency wireless communication systems. This paper presents a novel high-gain Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) beamforming antenna system that concurrently supports Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC) at 5.9 GHz and millimeter-wave (mm Wave) 5G communications at 28 GHz. The proposed design addresses challenges such as compactness, dual-band operation, beam steering capability, and port-to-port isolation within dynamic vehicular environments.

Problem

• Develops MIMO beamforming for DSRC and 5G in autonomous vehicles
• Solves dual-band operation at 5.9 GHz and 28 GHz
• Addresses compactness and beam steering in dynamic environments

Innovation

• High-gain MIMO beamforming for DSRC and 5G
• Dual-band operation at 5.9 GHz and 28 GHz
• Compact design with beam steering capability