🤖 AI Summary
This work proposes a lightweight closed-loop adaptive framework to address the stability-plasticity dilemma in online representation learning over non-stationary data streams, alongside the challenges of limited edge computing resources and concept drift. The core innovation introduces an endogenous residual feedback mechanism termed "shock ratio," which formulates representation learning as a closed-loop control process. By leveraging adaptive incremental gating and a continuous plasticity controller, the framework achieves linear computational complexity while dynamically interpolating between memory retention and rapid adaptation. Real-world evaluations across diverse smart city scenarios demonstrate that this approach enables efficient, forgetting-resistant real-time learning under strict resource constraints. It significantly reduces early warning lead times to 8–9 steps, accelerates post-drift recovery, and effectively enhances both anomaly recall rates and noise robustness.
📝 Abstract
Real-time data streams in Web of Things (WoT) and edge computing environments often evolve through latent regime changes. For online representation learning under strict computational constraints, the central problem is resolving the stability-plasticity dilemma: keeping useful historical knowledge while rapidly reacting to concept drift. Existing methods employ fixed update schedules or rolling windows. However, they suffer from parameter ossification during sudden shifts and waste computational resources when the stream remains stable. This paper proposes the Adaptive Incremental Gating System (AIGS), a lightweight closed-loop state-aware adaptation framework. AIGS introduces the Shock Ratio, an endogenous residual feedback mechanism that normalizes current reconstruction error against recent variation. This signal drives a Continuous Plasticity Controller that smoothly interpolates between learning plasticity and memory retention. By treating representation learning as a closed-loop control mechanism, AIGS avoids catastrophic forgetting and maintains a strictly linear $\mathcal{O}\left(k\cdot d\right)$ per-step complexity suitable for latency-sensitive edge devices. Experiments on real-world smart city dynamic streams-spanning traffic networks, meteorological systems, and industrial infrastructure-demonstrate distinct domain-dependent advantages. On Electricity Transformer Temperature datasets, AIGS achieves preventative early-warning lead times of 8.31 (ETTm1) and 9.88 (ETTm2) steps under gradual degradation. On Performance Measurement System traffic datasets, it shows significantly faster post-shift recovery after abrupt mutations. On the highly noisy Weather dataset, it improves anomaly recall while resisting stochastic noise overfitting. These findings establish AIGS as a practical, plug-and-play adapter for resource-constrained edge monitoring systems.