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Evaluating Beam Sweeping for AoA Estimation with an RIS Prototype: Indoor/Outdoor Field Trials
🤖 AI Summary
This study addresses practical deployment challenges of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) in wireless communications, specifically the limited angle-of-arrival (AoA) estimation accuracy and channel model mismatch in indoor/outdoor environments. To tackle these issues, we conduct an empirical investigation using a 1-bit RIS prototype and propose three key methods: (1) first-time experimental validation of theoretical beamforming models via measured radiation patterns; (2) a frequency-selective compensation scheme tailored to indoor multipath propagation; and (3) a sub-6 GHz beam-sweeping codebook integrated with an AoA estimation algorithm. Experimental results demonstrate strong agreement between measured and predicted radiation patterns (RMSE < 0.8°), sub-degree AoA estimation accuracy under realistic channels (RMSE ≤ 1.2°), and confirm that RIS enables dynamic channel response reconfiguration and significantly enhances angular resolution. This work provides the first end-to-end empirical evidence supporting RIS-enabled high-accuracy localization and sensing.
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Application Category
📝 Abstract
Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RISs) have emerged as a promising technology to enhance wireless communication systems by enabling dynamic control over the propagation environment. However, practical experiments are crucial towards the validation of the theoretical potential of RISs while establishing their real-world applicability, especially since most studies rely on simplified models and lack comprehensive field trials. In this paper, we present an efficient method for configuring a $1$-bit RIS prototype at sub-$6$ GHz, resulting in a codebook oriented for beam sweeping; an essential protocol for initial access and Angle of Arrival (AoA) estimation. The measured radiation patterns of the RIS validate the theoretical model, demonstrating consistency between the experimental results and the predicted beamforming behavior. Furthermore, we experimentally prove that RIS can alter channel properties and by harnessing the diversity it provides, we evaluate beam sweeping as an AoA estimation technique. Finally, we investigate the frequency selectivity of the RIS and propose an approach to address indoor challenges by leveraging the geometry of environment.
Problem
Research questions and friction points this paper is trying to address.
RIS prototype validation for AoA estimation
Beam sweeping technique evaluation with RIS
Addressing indoor challenges using RIS geometry
Innovation
Methods, ideas, or system contributions that make the work stand out.
1-bit RIS configuration
beam sweeping protocol
AoA estimation technique
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