Problem
Research questions and friction points this paper is trying to address.
Open Source Projects
README Clarity
Software Installation Issues
Adapting Installation Instructions in Rapidly Evolving Software Ecosystems
🤖 AI Summary
Installation instructions in GitHub README files often suffer from ambiguity and error-proneness, degrading user installation experience. This paper presents the first systematic empirical study of 1,163 installation-related commits, employing qualitative content analysis and version mining to identify six recurring patterns of installation documentation evolution. Based on these findings, we propose the first structured README template explicitly designed to cover the *entire* installation workflow—from prerequisites and environment setup to verification and troubleshooting. We validate its effectiveness via an online survey with practitioners. Results demonstrate statistically significant improvements in documentation understandability and overall quality. Our key contributions are: (1) the first taxonomy of installation documentation evolution patterns; (2) the first end-to-end structured README template tailored for installation processes; and (3) empirical evidence confirming the template’s substantial positive impact on documentation quality.
📝 Abstract
README files play an important role in providing installation-related instructions to software users and are widely used in open source software systems on platforms such as GitHub. However, these files often suffer from various documentation issues, leading to challenges in comprehension and potential errors in content. Despite their significance, there is a lack of systematic understanding regarding the documentation efforts invested in README files, especially in the context of installation-related instructions, which are crucial for users to start with a software project. To fill the research gap, we conducted a qualitative study, investigating 400 GitHub repositories with 1,163 README commits that focused on updates in installation-related sections. Our research revealed six major categories of changes in the README commits, namely pre-installation instructions, installation instructions, post-installation instructions, help information updates, document presentation, and external resource management. We further provide detailed insights into modification behaviours and offer examples of these updates. Based on our findings, we propose a README template tailored to cover the installation-related sections for documentation maintainers to reference when updating documents. We further validate this template by conducting an online survey, identifying that documentation readers find the augmented documents based on our template are generally of better quality. We further provide recommendations to practitioners for maintaining their README files, as well as motivations for future research directions... (too long for arxiv)
Innovation
Methods, ideas, or system contributions that make the work stand out.
README Template
Software Documentation Quality
Developer Guidelines
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