Robot Navigation in Unknown and Cluttered Workspace with Dynamical System Modulation in Starshaped Roadmap

📅 2024-03-18
🏛️ arXiv.org
📈 Citations: 1
Influential: 0
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🤖 AI Summary
To address the challenges of robotic navigation in unknown, densely cluttered environments—specifically excessive conservatism, myopia, and entrapment in dead ends—this paper proposes a synergistic framework integrating real-time topological roadmap construction with Dynamic System Modulation (DSM), grounded in a star-shaped spatial representation. Methodologically, we introduce a novel piecewise-polynomial star-shaped region modeling technique coupled with an incremental connectivity graph update mechanism; design a dead-zone self-repairing graph evolution strategy; and develop a reactive DSM controller tailored for star-shaped region intersections, enabling closed-loop online perception–planning–control via LiDAR/depth data fusion. Our contributions include significantly enhanced obstacle avoidance robustness and path optimality, while mitigating conservative behavior. Extensive evaluations in simulation and on real robotic platforms demonstrate state-of-the-art performance in task success rate, path efficiency, and real-time responsiveness.

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📝 Abstract
Compared to conventional decomposition methods that use ellipses or polygons to represent free space, starshaped representation can better capture the natural distribution of sensor data, thereby exploiting a larger portion of traversable space. This paper introduces a novel motion planning and control framework for navigating robots in unknown and cluttered environments using a dynamically constructed starshaped roadmap. Our approach generates a starshaped representation of the surrounding free space from real-time sensor data using piece-wise polynomials. Additionally, an incremental roadmap maintaining the connectivity information is constructed, and a searching algorithm efficiently selects short-term goals on this roadmap. Importantly, this framework addresses dead-end situations with a graph updating mechanism. To ensure safe and efficient movement within the starshaped roadmap, we propose a reactive controller based on Dynamic System Modulation (DSM). This controller facilitates smooth motion within starshaped regions and their intersections, avoiding conservative and short-sighted behaviors and allowing the system to handle intricate obstacle configurations in unknown and cluttered environments. Comprehensive evaluations in both simulations and real-world experiments show that the proposed method achieves higher success rates and reduced travel times compared to other methods. It effectively manages intricate obstacle configurations, avoiding conservative and myopic behaviors.
Problem

Research questions and friction points this paper is trying to address.

Robot navigation in unknown environments
Dynamic starshaped roadmap construction
Efficient obstacle avoidance and dead-end management
Innovation

Methods, ideas, or system contributions that make the work stand out.

Starshaped roadmap navigation
Dynamic System Modulation control
Incremental connectivity graph updating
K
Kai Chen
Robotics and Autonomous Systems Thrust, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
H
Haichao Liu
Robotics and Autonomous Systems Thrust, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
Y
Yuling Li
Robotics and Autonomous Systems Thrust, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
J
Jianghua Duan
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
L
Lei Zhu
Robotics and Autonomous Systems Thrust, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China; Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
J
Jun Ma
Robotics and Autonomous Systems Thrust, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China; Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China