Service Ecosystem Evolution: A Comprehensive Survey from Complex Network Perspectives

2026-07-22

AI Summary

Large-scale service ecosystems are prone to systemic failures due to their intricate interdependencies, yet their evolutionary mechanisms remain underexplored in a systematic manner. This work proposes a three-stage evolutionary analysis framework, introducing complex network theory into this domain for the first time and establishing the first comprehensive review system focused specifically on the evolution of service ecosystems. By integrating complex network analysis with systematic literature review methodologies, the study uncovers structural, dynamic, and emergent properties that conventional approaches often overlook. It thereby establishes a coherent research paradigm for the field, identifies critical knowledge gaps, and outlines three promising future directions, offering both theoretical foundations and methodological guidance to support the sustainable evolution of service ecosystems.

Abstract

Digital society increasingly relies on complex service ecosystems, formed by interconnected services from technology giants. However, the growing scale and intricate dependencies of these ecosystems pose significant challenges to their evolution, frequently leading to systemic failures during upgrades or restructuring. To address these challenges, current research is shifting from the perspective of single services to the ecosystem. Drawing upon the synthesis and induction of current research, we present a comprehensive survey focused on the study of service ecosystem evolution, employing a novel three-stage analytical framework. This framework structures the evolutionary lifecycle and provides a systematic way to organize and review existing research, filling the gap caused by the lack of surveys specifically focused on service ecosystem evolution. Additionally, we pioneer the application of complex network theory to analyze service ecosystem evolution, providing a novel perspective to capture the inherent connectivity, dynamics, and emergent properties often missed by traditional approaches. Building on our analysis, we point out critical research gaps and propose three specific future directions. We provide a robust theoretical foundation and methodological guidance for understanding and guiding the sustainable evolution of modern service ecosystems.

Problem

• service ecosystem
• systemic failure
• evolution
• complex dependencies
• digital society

Innovation

• service ecosystem evolution
• complex network theory
• three-stage analytical framework
• systemic dependencies
• emergent properties