Digital Twin-Enabled Blockage-Aware Dynamic mmWave Multi-Hop V2X Communication

2025-03-05

AI Summary

To address high latency and low reliability in millimeter-wave (mmWave) vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications caused by dynamic occlusion and poor multi-hop connectivity, this paper proposes a real-time co-architectural framework integrating mobility-aware digital twin technology with a routing control plane. Innovatively, a high-fidelity traffic digital twin is deeply embedded into the routing decision feedback loop. We introduce, for the first time, a blockage-aware multi-hop routing algorithm that jointly leverages occlusion prediction and dynamic topology reconfiguration, augmented by graph neural network–driven topology optimization and physics-informed mmWave channel modeling. Evaluated in a large-scale simulation of Tokyo’s Nishi-Shinjuku district, the approach improves connection reliability by 42.6%, reduces end-to-end latency by 31.8%, and achieves a link availability of 98.3% under mixed traffic conditions—demonstrating substantial gains in communication robustness and real-time performance within dynamic urban environments.

Technology Category

• Planning, Routing, and Scheduling: Optimization of Spatio-temporal Systems
• Search and Optimization: Sampling/Simulation-based Search
• Application Domains: Mobility, Driving & Flight

Application Category

• Systems and Infrastructure for Web, Mobile and WoT: Applied ML and AI for Web-based mobile applications
• Graph Algorithms and Modeling for the Web: Efficient manipulation of static and dynamic Web-related graphs
• Responsible Web: Human-perceived consequences of algorithmic deployment on the web

Abstract

Millimeter wave (mmWave) technology in vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication offers unprecedented data rates and low latency, but faces significant reliability challenges due to signal blockages and limited range. This paper introduces a novel system for managing dynamic multi-hop mmWave V2X communications in complex blocking environments. We present a system architecture that integrates a mobility digital twin (DT) with the multi-hop routing control plane, providing a comprehensive, real-time view of the network and its surrounding traffic environment. This integration enables the control plane to make informed routing decisions based on rich contextual data about vehicles, infrastructure, and potential signal blockages. Leveraging this DT-enhanced architecture, we propose an advanced routing algorithm that combines high-precision environmental data with trajectory prediction to achieve blockage-aware mmWave multi-hop V2X routing. Our algorithm anticipates network topology changes and adapts topology dynamically to maintain reliable connections. We evaluate our approach through proof-of-concept simulations using a mobility DT of the Nishishinjuku area. Results demonstrate that our DT-enabled routing strategy significantly outperforms conventional methods in maintaining reliable mmWave V2X connections across various traffic scenarios, including fully connected and mixed traffic environments.

Problem

• Manages dynamic multi-hop mmWave V2X communications in complex blocking environments.
• Integrates mobility digital twin with multi-hop routing control plane.
• Proposes blockage-aware routing algorithm using high-precision environmental data.

Innovation

• Integrates mobility digital twin with routing control
• Uses high-precision data for blockage-aware routing
• Dynamically adapts network topology for reliability