define api contracts

Current RESTful API design quality assessment relies heavily on manual inspection, lacking early, automated validation mechanisms for non-functional requirements—particularly interoperability, modularity, and maintainability. Method: This paper proposes an OpenAPI-based static analysis approach that implements a configurable rule engine. It formalizes 75 design principles derived from scholarly literature and industry standards into structured, machine-checkable constraints, enabling customizable rule activation/deactivation and traceable feedback to align requirements engineering with architectural governance. Contribution/Results: Following the design science research paradigm, we developed and evaluated a prototype tool. Empirical evaluation and expert review demonstrate that the method significantly improves API design compliance and consistency, achieving 82% automation coverage. It effectively supports continuous architectural governance in agile development environments, bridging the gap between design-time assurance and operational API lifecycle management.

This work addresses the limitations of existing Embodied Capability Modules (ECMs), which often function as ad hoc skill bundles lacking stability, composability, and evolvability. To overcome these challenges, the paper introduces ECM Contracts—a contract-based interface model for embodied intelligence that formalizes six dimensions: functional signatures, behavioral assumptions, resource requirements, permission boundaries, recovery semantics, and version compatibility. This is the first effort to integrate a multidimensional contract mechanism into embodied intelligence, thereby unifying capability composition, governance, and evolution. The authors innovatively design version-aware compatibility classes, deprecation rules, and policy-sensitive upgrade checks. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach significantly reduces unsafe or invalid capability compositions while enhancing upgrade safety and rollback readiness.

本文提出CARE架构，通过明确责任边界和域范围的能力解析来解决模块化智能合约系统中的协调、共享状态等问题，并使用TLA+进行形式化验证。

Existing data pipelines often suffer from weak governance, leading to delayed schema validation, inconsistent cross-language execution, and misalignment with business semantics. This work proposes treating data contracts as types, leveraging the “everything-as-code” paradigm to inject schema annotations—encompassing column types, constraints, documentation, and lineage—into input and output tables within a lakehouse architecture via multi-language SDKs. These annotations are parsed across multiple phases of the execution lifecycle, deeply integrating data contracts into the type system. The approach enables both deterministic and non-deterministic reasoning over data flows across languages and execution engines, significantly enhancing the reliability of production data pipelines and ensuring consistent interoperability across systems.

Long commercial contracts—such as Share Purchase Agreements (SPAs)—suffer from excessive verbosity, undetected logical inconsistencies, and difficulties in verifying execution feasibility. Method: This paper proposes the first automated consistency verification framework for SPAs, grounded in a domain-specific ontology and decidable first-order logic (FOL) constraints. It integrates ontology-based modeling, structured natural language (blocks) encoding, and SMT-solvable assertion generation to achieve end-to-end translation from unstructured text to formal constraints, followed by satisfiability checking via solvers like Z3. Contribution/Results: It is the first work to combine a domain ontology with decidable FOL for SPA consistency verification; supports generating either a satisfying model or an infeasibility proof; and demonstrates effectiveness on real-world SPAs, significantly improving review efficiency and reliability.

This work addresses the challenge of reliably conveying intent, requirements, and constraints in human–AI–tool collaborative software development by proposing a specification-centric Bosque API (BAPI) ecosystem. The system introduces a highly expressive specification language that, for the first time, enables cross-language interoperability, automated test generation, formal verification, and execution sandboxing across the entire API lifecycle—from requirement definition and implementation to invocation and validation. By providing end-to-end specification guarantees, BAPI significantly enhances system correctness, security, and the efficiency of human–AI collaboration, offering a novel infrastructure for software development in the era of AI agents.

This study addresses the lack of systematic mechanisms in existing digital twin services to express and enforce data quality requirements—such as accuracy, completeness, and timeliness—at the model level during runtime, which undermines service reliability. To bridge this gap, the authors propose a contract-based approach to data quality management that formalizes a theory of data contracts, integrates it into the digital twin architecture, and introduces a domain-specific language (DSL) to support declarative specification and automated monitoring of these contracts. This work achieves, for the first time, a closed-loop integration of model-driven data contracts within digital twins, ensuring end-to-end data quality from the modeling phase through runtime execution. The proposed method significantly enhances the trustworthiness of downstream services, including simulation, what-if analysis, and machine learning–based prediction.

论文提出了一种基于合约的架构，通过四个责任对象解决企业AI部署中的协调问题，并提出一种可验证的测量协议来评估能力与容量的分离假设。

研究通过定义spec-delta概念并设计实验，对比了基于spec-delta的数据治理方法与传统代码变更工作流在数据平台中的效果。

This work addresses the problem of global inconsistency in multi-component intelligent agent releases, where local validation passes but cross-component relational integrity fails due to the absence of holistic consistency guarantees. To tackle this, we propose the Schema-SIP Relational Consistency (SIP-RC) framework—the first systematic approach to formally define and mitigate relational inconsistency faults in multi-component deployments. SIP-RC models release packages as graph structures and integrates schema documentation with product contract principles to enable cross-component relational verification. Key mechanisms include declarative–evidential linkage, decision authority scoping, provenance tracking of derived components, and byte-level consistency checks. Preliminary experiments demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed framework, offering a practical and actionable paradigm for ensuring relational consistency in intelligent agent releases.