NavEX: A Multi-Agent Coverage in Non-Convex and Uneven Environments via Exemplar-Clustering

📅 2025-04-29
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🤖 AI Summary
This paper addresses the multi-agent coverage deployment problem in non-convex, terrain-varying environments, unifying two distinct objectives: fair access (minimizing average distance to agents) and hotspot prioritization (enhancing coverage in high-density regions). We propose a non-Euclidean coverage utility metric based on exemplar clustering, relaxing the conventional triangle inequality constraint. To jointly model obstacles and terrain traversability, we integrate visibility graphs with traversability-aware RRT*. Deployment optimization leverages submodular function maximization to achieve efficient near-optimal solutions. Theoretically, our approach guarantees a constant-factor approximation ratio. Extensive simulations demonstrate that the method significantly outperforms existing baselines in both deployment quality and computational efficiency under complex geometric and topographic constraints.

Technology Category

Planning, Routing, and Scheduling: Optimization of Spatio-temporal SystemsSearch and Optimization: Mixed Discrete/Continuous SearchConstraint Satisfaction and Optimization: Distributed CSP/Optimization

Application Category

Responsible Web: Human-perceived consequences of algorithmic deployment on the webGraph Algorithms and Modeling for the Web: Efficient manipulation of static and dynamic Web-related graphsSystems and Infrastructure for Web, Mobile and WoT: Experiences and lessons learnt from Web-based algorithms and system deployments
📝 Abstract
This paper addresses multi-agent deployment in non-convex and uneven environments. To overcome the limitations of traditional approaches, we introduce Navigable Exemplar-Based Dispatch Coverage (NavEX), a novel dispatch coverage framework that combines exemplar-clustering with obstacle-aware and traversability-aware shortest distances, offering a deployment framework based on submodular optimization. NavEX provides a unified approach to solve two critical coverage tasks: (a) fair-access deployment, aiming to provide equitable service by minimizing agent-target distances, and (b) hotspot deployment, prioritizing high-density target regions. A key feature of NavEX is the use of exemplar-clustering for the coverage utility measure, which provides the flexibility to employ non-Euclidean distance metrics that do not necessarily conform to the triangle inequality. This allows NavEX to incorporate visibility graphs for shortest-path computation in environments with planar obstacles, and traversability-aware RRT* for complex, rugged terrains. By leveraging submodular optimization, the NavEX framework enables efficient, near-optimal solutions with provable performance guarantees for multi-agent deployment in realistic and complex settings, as demonstrated by our simulations.
Problem

Research questions and friction points this paper is trying to address.

Multi-agent deployment in non-convex, uneven environments
Fair-access and hotspot coverage tasks in complex terrains
Obstacle-aware path planning with non-Euclidean distance metrics
Innovation

Methods, ideas, or system contributions that make the work stand out.

Exemplar-clustering for non-Euclidean coverage utility
Obstacle-aware visibility graphs for shortest-path computation
Traversability-aware RRT* for rugged terrain navigation
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