design mechanical mounts

为解决机器人拆卸不规则形状产品时的稳定支撑问题，本文提出一种模块化真空夹具系统，并通过去噪扩散概率模型和贝叶斯优化规划整个拆卸序列的共享支撑配置。

To address poor adaptability and insufficient stability of conventional rigid grippers in disassembling small household appliances with complex curved surfaces, this paper proposes a modular vacuum-based grasping system built upon commercial pneumatic soft grippers. The system achieves adaptive conformal contact with irregular surfaces through synergistic integration of elastic deformation and vacuum suction. We introduce a novel grasp planning framework that jointly incorporates geometric continuity analysis and convex-hull-based static stability criteria, enabling optimized multi-gripper configurations for robust support. Experimental evaluation on screw-removal tasks demonstrates significantly higher success rates compared to rigid grippers, along with markedly improved workpiece placement stability. To our knowledge, this is the first work to deploy pneumatic soft grippers in household appliance disassembly, offering a scalable, hardware-software co-designed solution for stable manipulation of unstructured curved objects.

本文提出了一种基于灵敏度热点惩罚(SHoSP)的稳健拓扑优化框架，以低成本抑制制造变异和几何不确定性引起的局部脆弱性问题。

In hardware development, 3D CAD models exhibit highly complex dependency structures—often comprising thousands of components—leading to significant challenges in impact analysis, cross-role collaboration, and synchronization. This complexity exposes nine critical issues spanning traceability, navigability, and consistency. To address this gap, we conducted a thematic analysis of 100 online forum discussions and semi-structured interviews with 10 senior hardware designers, systematically identifying and categorizing these pain points for the first time. Building on these findings, we propose the “dependency-aware collaboration” design paradigm and introduce a corresponding framework featuring dependency visualization, change-propagation alerts, and contextual synchronization for collaborative editing, guided by six design principles. Our work fills a theoretical void in CSCW research on hardware co-design and provides empirically grounded, actionable guidelines for next-generation CAD collaboration tools.

This study addresses the challenge of spatial layout optimization for interconnected systems within non-convex design spaces by extending the SPI2 framework. It introduces, for the first time, a geometric representation based on Maximal Disjoint Ball Decomposition (MDBD) combined with differentiable inside-outside tests, enabling component placement under arbitrary non-convex boundaries. The method integrates computations of centroid and moment of inertia and establishes an end-to-end CAD workflow that supports automatic assembly reconstruction. By simultaneously satisfying geometric constraints, routing requirements, and physical performance objectives, the approach guarantees geometric feasibility within numerical precision. The efficacy and practicality of the proposed method are demonstrated through a multi-system co-layout case study of a synthetic aircraft auxiliary unit.

This work addresses the limitation of existing CAD model evaluation methods, which predominantly emphasize visual fidelity while neglecting engineering functionality. To bridge this gap, the authors propose CADEngBench, a dual-track benchmark that systematically incorporates engineering behavior validation—including finite element analysis (FEA) alignment, design-for-manufacturing (DFM) checks, and kinematic joint dynamics—into the assessment framework, covering both parametric parts and assemblies. The benchmark employs techniques such as B-Rep validity verification, parameter perturbation tests, functional editing tasks, and linear static simulations using CalculiX to comprehensively evaluate the engineering-grade capabilities of generated and edited models. Experimental results reveal that while current multimodal models outperform in CAD editing over generation, they still struggle with complex edits, FEA consistency, and accurately reconstructing real-world assembly mating relationships.

本文提出了一种物理引导框架SNAP3D，通过解决部件间穿透问题、恢复接触图和引入参数化连接器，改进单图像部件感知3D生成的物理兼容性和稳定性。

研究通过基于浮动参考框架的柔性多体建模方法，解决了过约束空间连杆在工业应用中的装配精度问题，并验证了其自组装倾向。

This study addresses the challenge of rapidly customizing stiffness in compliant mechanisms due to geometric constraints and stiffness coupling. A Lego-like stackable planar compliant module design method is proposed, establishing a unified model through a novel modular stiffness configuration framework to achieve stiffness decoupling and flexible reconfiguration. The optimization employs a genetic algorithm for module configuration search combined with sequential quadratic programming for parameter refinement. Experimental results demonstrate that simulated stiffness deviations remain below 6.5%. Furthermore, a developed compliant wrist prototype achieves approximately 15° angular compliance alongside prescribed stiffness characteristics during high-speed motion, validating the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

研究提出激光扫描和图像拓扑优化两种非接触方法，用于检测和量化结构件的表面及次表面缺陷。