participatory accessibility design

Current user experience (UX) evaluation methods inadequately address accessibility for Deaf users, largely overlooking linguistic and perceptual diversity. Method: Through critical literature review, empirical testing, and multimodal UX assessment techniques, this study evaluates the real-world applicability of existing “deaf-friendly” evaluation protocols. Contribution/Results: Findings reveal that mainstream methods rely excessively on auditory input and linear cognitive assumptions, neglecting sign language as a primary language, visual-dominant perception, and bilingual communication patterns—leading to distorted data collection and participatory barriers. The study introduces the novel “communicative accessibility” framework, exposing systemic deficiencies across perception, comprehension, and feedback dimensions. It argues for methodological reconstruction grounded in Deaf language acquisition principles and interactional norms. This work provides both theoretical foundations and practical guidelines for developing inclusive, psychometrically sound UX evaluation paradigms for Deaf users.

Existing UX evaluation methods predominantly target hearing users, overlooking the distinct needs of Deaf individuals—particularly regarding sign language use, visual information processing, and cultural identity—resulting in biased and incomplete assessments. Method: This study employs qualitative analysis, multiple case studies, and participatory evaluation with Deaf users to systematically examine the accessibility and applicability of mainstream UX methods in mobile applications, uncovering structural limitations in communicative adaptation. Contribution/Results: We propose a reconceptualized UX evaluation framework grounded in three principles: visual primacy, sign-language friendliness, and cultural responsiveness. Drawing on accessibility design guidelines, we develop targeted adaptation strategies. Empirical findings demonstrate that conventional methods—without modification—fail to accurately capture Deaf users’ interaction experiences and authentic needs; conversely, methodologically optimized approaches significantly enhance assessment validity and inclusivity.

Current web accessibility standards predominantly rely on static conformance checking, neglecting the personalized cognitive and perceptual needs of neurodiverse users. Method: This study proposes a user-centered paradigm centered on autonomy, introducing the novel “Comfort Mode” adaptive framework—supporting individualized adjustments to contrast, typography, motion, and zoom—while preserving brand visual coherence and psychological appropriateness. Technically, it integrates cognitive psychology and inclusive design principles via frontend dynamic configuration, CSS custom properties, and responsive UI architecture, offering both minimal-viable and highly extensible implementation models. Contribution/Results: Empirical validation demonstrates low-cost, high-compatibility progressive integration; user-driven customization significantly improves usability and satisfaction without compromising the experience of non-target users or brand expression.

This study addresses the prevalent tendency of organizations to treat accessibility as a compliance burden rather than an opportunity for innovation, resulting in digital products that lack genuine inclusivity. By analyzing 14 large language model–driven accessibility project proposals and conducting focus group discussions with nine participants, the research proposes and validates a disability-led participatory development model. Findings demonstrate that this approach effectively shifts accessibility from passive compliance toward proactive innovation, embedding inclusive design not merely as an add-on but as an integral component of core product development processes. Consequently, accessibility becomes a catalyst for both technological excellence and transformative organizational culture change.

This study addresses the systemic marginalization of users with disabilities in AI product organizations, exposing misalignments between responsible AI practices and accessibility engineering—including divergent objectives, fragmented cross-functional collaboration, and a critical lack of empirical disability-related data. Through 28 semi-structured interviews with engineers, researchers, UX designers, and AI ethics practitioners—analyzed via thematic analysis—we identify three core barriers: (1) conflicting priority-setting mechanisms, (2) scarcity of disability-inclusive training and evaluation data, and (3) process discontinuities across disciplines. We propose an “embedded inclusion mechanism” that integrates internal volunteer networks with external disability communities to co-design requirements, restructure development workflows, and jointly steward accessibility resources. Empirical evaluation demonstrates that this mechanism significantly enhances the visibility and responsiveness to disability-related needs throughout the AI development lifecycle. Our work offers a scalable, organization-level intervention to bridge the persistent gap between AI ethics and accessibility practice.

This study examines how organizations with mixed abilities navigate the diverse—and sometimes conflicting—accessibility needs of their members. Through six months of participant observation and in-depth interviews with a cross-disability nonprofit organization that originated as a blind sports group, the research reconceptualizes “accessibility conflicts” not merely as technical barriers but as critical opportunities to expose power dynamics, foster accountability, and enact restorative practices. The findings illuminate the dynamic interplay among technological constraints, role diversity, communication norms, and organizational objectives, offering a theoretically innovative and practically valuable perspective for inclusive design.

Current model-driven engineering (MDE) approaches for visual impairment assistive technologies suffer from critical shortcomings: absence of standardized modeling conventions, incomplete system implementations, low methodological reusability, and insufficient empirical validation. To address these gaps, we conducted a systematic literature review (SLR), rigorously selecting and analyzing 30 relevant studies, which revealed persistent limitations in user interface modeling, interactive design, and context-aware adaptation. Building on these findings, we propose a research agenda for MDE in visual accessibility. Our approach innovatively integrates WCAG compliance constraints, user capability modeling, and context-aware code generation. It delivers a standardized domain-specific modeling language, bidirectional model-to-code transformation rules, and mechanisms for deep user involvement throughout the development lifecycle. The resulting framework advances methodological foundations and practical pathways for developing reusable, empirically verifiable, and disability-centered accessible software systems.

This study addresses the limited understanding of how accessibility practices influence collaboration—specifically productivity, engagement, and cohesion—in virtual hybrid-capable teams. Through semi-structured interviews with 18 team members and qualitative analysis, the research reveals that accessibility practices not only facilitate access but also serve as a foundational element for effective collaboration by shaping task coordination, relational maintenance, and responsibility allocation. Findings indicate that such practices significantly enhance team coordination and cohesion, while simultaneously introducing a novel tension between empathy and accountability. Building on these insights, the paper proposes a new perspective that deeply integrates accessibility into the design of virtual collaboration tools and offers concrete recommendations for team-level implementation.

研究通过遵循WCAG指南并结合用户需求和技术限制，迭代改进了犹他州废水监测系统的仪表板设计，以提高其在桌面和移动设备上的可访问性和可用性。

This study addresses pervasive accessibility and usability deficiencies in both governmental and non-governmental websites in Bangladesh, which hinder equitable access to essential public services for persons with disabilities and diverse users. For the first time in the country, it systematically evaluates these websites through an integrated approach combining automated conformance checks against WCAG 2.2 standards and large-scale user testing across 212 sites and 103 participants, focusing on navigation, interaction, readability, and authentication mechanisms. Findings reveal that while non-governmental websites generally exhibit better usability, neither sector provides consistent accessibility support. The research underscores a significant digital inclusion gap and proposes actionable strategies—including regular accessibility audits, user-centered design practices, and targeted policy interventions—to advance digital equity in Bangladesh, offering both empirical evidence and practical guidance for stakeholders.